Ukuphononongwa kweempawu zokuTshintshela ubushushu beMetal Foam kunye nokuSetyenziswa kwayo kwiShishini le-HVAC

Imfuno yamandla ehlabathi ikhula ngesantya esimalunga ne-1.3% ngonyaka, kwaye ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi yenye yeendlela ezibalulekileyo zophuhliso lwelizwe, ngoko ke izixhobo zokulondoloza amandla kwintsimi yezicelo zamandla (ukuguqulwa kobushushu, ukugcinwa kobushushu, kunye ukusetyenziswa kobushushu) kutsala umdla omkhulu.

I-Metal foamItekhnoloji yokulungiswa kwezinto eziphathekayo ecetywayo ngusosayensi waseMelika uSosnick ngo-1948, uhlobo lwepore eyenziwe yintsimbi ye-ligament-type skeleton kunye neeyunithi zepore ezidityaniswe neeseli ezivulekileyo, iseli nganye evulekileyo (ipore) iquka i-12 ~ 14 pentagonal okanye i-hexagonal surfaces, impahla ukuyaaluminiyam, insimbi, i-nickel, ithusi, i-ceramics, kunye ne-alloys yensimbi, eneempawu ezibalaseleyo zombini zetsimbi eziqhubekayo kunye neempawu ze-discrete-phase pores.
Amagwebu esinyithi abonakaliswe zezi parameters eziphambili zilandelayo:
1. I-pore diameter yi-diameter ephakathi kweendawo zokuvuleka kunye noluhlu ukusuka kwi-0.1 ukuya kwi-10 mm;
2. I-Skeleton diameter yi-avareji ye-diameter ye-metal skeleton;
3. Ubuninzi be pore linani le pores nge-intshi nganye kwaye linxulumene nobukhulu beseli, ubukhulu bepore, kunye nobukhulu bembambo;
4. I-porosity ε yi-volume fraction of pores efunyenwe kubunzima kunye nemilinganiselo yomthamo wesampuli, ukusuka kwi-80% ukuya kwi-99%, kwaye ingabalwa kwii-pores ezivulekileyo nezivaliweyo malunga nokuba i-pores iyangena okanye ayikho.
Ngenxa yeempawu zokuhamba kwamanzi kunye nokutshintshana kobushushu, isicelo kwintsimi yamandla luhlobo lwepore evulekileyo, ene-pore eqhubekayo kunye ne-dimensional-dimensional structure ye-pore ngaphakathi, kwaye kukho i-pores phakathi kwe-skeleton eqinile, kwaye ulwelo lunokuhamba. ngaphakathi kwi-pores, kunye ne-porosity ε> 80%, indawo enkulu yendawo ethile (1000 ~ 5000 m2 / m3), i-conductivity enkulu ye-thermal, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokutshintshisana kobushushu, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwisitshintshi sobushushu, ukupholisa nge-elektroniki, kunye neseli yamafutha. Kwizibonelelo zamandla zisetyenziselwa ukutshintshiselana kobushushu kunye nesinyithi esifakwe kwi-foam, abaqokeleli belanga, abamkeli belanga, i-accumulators yokushisa kunye nokunye.
Ngokweempawu zesakhiwo kunye neempawu zomzimba ze-foam yesinyithi, phanda ukusetyenziswa kwe-foam yesinyithi esebenzayo kwintsimi ye-HVAC, ngokulandelelana, ukusuka ekugqithiseni ubushushu, ukuqokelelwa kobushushu, ukugcinwa kobushushu 3 imiba yezicelo zayo eziphambili kunye neempawu zophando, eyona nto iphambili. iziphumo zezi zilandelayo:
(1) i-heat exchanger efakwe kwi-foam yensimbi yinto esebenza kakhulu yokutshintshiselana kobushushu, enokunyusa i-coefficient yokudlulisa ubushushu be-convective ngamaxesha angama-3 ~ 9; izixhobo ezahlukeneyo (ubhedu, i-aluminiyam, i-nickel) inokuphucula kakhulu amandla okuqinisa ukutshintshwa kobushushu, kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zinokwenza i-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa ihluke; i-foam metal kwithiyori yokudluliselwa kobushushu kwi-porosity, ukuxinana kwe-pore, kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwesikali se-pore kukumisela ukuhanjiswa kobushushu kwiiparitha eziphambili ze-esebenzayo; iiparitha kwizinga lokutshintshwa kobushushu, ukuhla koxinzelelo, ukuhamba kokudibanisa kwe-coefficient yokudlulisa ubushushu yiyona parameter ephambili; iiparitha kwizinga lokutshintshwa kobushushu, ukuhla koxinzelelo, ukuhamba kwesigxina Ukudibanisa i-coefficient yokudluliselwa kobushushu kwiiparitha eziphambili kufuneka kunqunywe, kuyilo lotshintshiselwano lobushushu luyimpawu eziphambili zesalathisi.
(2) I-Metal foam isetyenziselwa kwizixhobo zomqokeleli welanga, ngenxa ye-foam yensimbi esetyenziswe kule meko yokushisa ephezulu, umphumo wokushisa ubushushu bubonakala kwaye bulawula. Isiphumo sokudityaniswa kokwenziwa kobushushu kunye nokuhanjiswa kobushushu bemitha kumaqondo aphezulu obushushu kwinkqubo yokudluliselwa kobushushu, kunye nokucaciswa kwesakhiwo se-foam yesinyithi, yenza izinto ezichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal ye-foam yesinyithi kunye nemowudi yokudlulisa ubushushu emininzi. kwaye intsonkothile. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukufunxa ngokuthe ngqo abaqokeleli belanga kunye nabaqokeleli belanga be-volumetric, apho umqokeleli we-absorption yimpembelelo ye-foam yesinyithi kwi-solar energy absorption iyongamele, phakathi kwesinyithi, i-foam kunye nokuhanjiswa kobushushu be-fluid kuchaphazela ngokungathanga ngqo ukusebenza kommkeli wamandla elanga; umqokeleli we-volumetric kukusetyenziswa kokuhamba komoya kunye nokuhamba kwamandla elanga kwisixhobo, ijometri kunye nokucwangciswa kwezinto eziphathekayo ze-foam yensimbi ithatha izinto eziphambili.
(3)I-Metal foamisetyenziswe kwizixhobo zokugcina amandla okushisa ngenxa yokuqhubekeka kwesakhiwo kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-thermal conductivity, usebenzisa i-conductivity ephezulu ye-thermal, i-porosity ephezulu kunye nommandla ophakamileyo ophezulu, kunye nesigaba sokutshintsha izinto ezinomthamo omkhulu wokugcina ukushisa, isakhiwo esilula kwaye akukho mfuneko. ukusebenzisa amandla ongezelelweyo, njl. njl., iingenelo ze-superposition yokubunjwa kwezinto eziguqukayo zesigaba esihlanganisiweyo, ukunyusa ukuhanjiswa kobushushu beparafini, ukomeleza ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal yezixhobo zokutshintsha isigaba, isifundo sokuphuculwa isinyithi se-foam kwisigaba sokutshintsha izinto Ukuphuculwa kwesinyithi se-foam kwisigaba sokutshintsha izinto eziphathekayo, ukutshintsha i-porosity kunye nesikali se-pore, ukukhetha izinto eziphathekayo, njl. ukutshintshwa kobushushu kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni okulandelayo koyilo lwezixhobo ukubonelela ngesiseko esithile sethiyori.